Jina la bidhaa | 304 /316 chuma cha pua |
Nyenzo | Imetengenezwa kutoka kwa chuma cha pua 304/316, screws hizi zina upinzani mzuri wa kemikali na zinaweza kuwa zenye nguvu. Pia hujulikana kama chuma cha pua cha A2/A4. |
Aina ya kichwa | Haina kichwa. |
Vifaa | Mara nyingi hutumiwa kupata mizinga ya shinikizo, valves na flanges. |
Kiwango | Wote hukutana na ASME B18.31.3 au DIN 976 Maelezo kwa viwango vya ukubwa. |
Viboko vya chuma visivyo na waya ni ndefu, viboko vya moja kwa moja na nyuzi pamoja na urefu wao wote. Zinatumika kutoa hatua ya kufunga au kama sehemu ya kuleta utulivu katika ujenzi, utengenezaji, na matumizi ya ukarabati. Matumizi ya chuma cha pua katika viboko vilivyotiwa nyuzi huhakikisha upinzani wa kutu, na kuzifanya zinafaa kwa mazingira ambayo mfiduo wa unyevu na vitu vya kutu ni wasiwasi. Hapa kuna matumizi kadhaa ya kawaida ya viboko vya chuma vya pua:
Viwanda vya ujenzi:
Vijiti vilivyochomwa hutumiwa katika ujenzi wa bracing, miundo inayounga mkono, na kuunganisha vifaa anuwai.
Uhandisi wa Miundo:
Inatumika katika uhandisi wa miundo kwa mihimili ya kuunganisha, nguzo, na vitu vingine vya kubeba mzigo.
HVAC (inapokanzwa, uingizaji hewa, na hali ya hewa):
Inatumika kwa kunyongwa au kusaidia ductwork ya HVAC, bomba, na vifaa.
Maombi ya Mabomba:
Inatumika katika mabomba ya kupata bomba, vifaa, na vifaa vingine vya mabomba.
Miradi ya Nishati Mbadala:
Viboko vilivyotiwa nyuzi hutumiwa katika ujenzi wa minara ya turbine ya upepo na miundombinu mingine ya nishati mbadala.
Vifaa vya Maabara:
Inatumika katika ujenzi na mkutano wa usanidi wa maabara na vifaa.
Viboko vya chuma visivyo na waya vinapatikana katika darasa tofauti, na 304 na 316 kuwa chaguo za kawaida. Uteuzi wa daraja hutegemea hali maalum za mazingira na mahitaji ya programu. Kwa kuongeza, kipenyo, urefu, na lami ya nyuzi za viboko vilivyo na nyuzi zinapaswa kufanana na mahitaji ya mradi maalum.
Saizi ya uzi | M4 | M5 | M6 | (M7) | M8 | M10 | M12 | (M14) | M16 | (M18) | M20 | ||
d | |||||||||||||
P | Lami | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1 | 1 | 1.25 | 1.5 | 1.75 | 2 | 2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Uzi mzuri | / | / | / | / | 1 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | ||
Uzi mzuri sana | / | / | / | / | / | / | 1.5 | / | / | / | / | ||
b1 | 5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | ||
b2 | L≤125 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 26 | 30 | 34 | 38 | 42 | 46 | |
125 < L≤200 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 | 52 | ||
L > 200 | / | / | / | / | / | 45 | 49 | 53 | 57 | 61 | 65 | ||
x1 | 1.75 | 2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 5 | 5 | 6.3 | 6.3 | ||
x2 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
Screw Thread | (M18) | M20 | (M22) | M24 | (M27) | M30 | (M33) | M36 | (M39) | M42 | (M45) | M48 | (M52) | ||||
d | |||||||||||||||||
P | Lami | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5 | 5 | |||
a | max | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 9 | 9 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 12 | 12 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 15 | 15 | |||
c | min | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |||
max | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
da | max | 20.2 | 22.4 | 24.4 | 26.4 | 30.4 | 33.4 | 36.4 | 39.4 | 42.4 | 45.6 | 48.6 | 52.6 | 56.6 | |||
dw | Daraja a | min | 25.3 | 28.2 | 30 | 33.6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Daraja B. | min | 24.8 | 27.7 | 29.5 | 33.2 | 38 | 42.7 | 46.5 | 51.1 | 55.9 | 59.9 | 64.7 | 69.4 | 74.2 | |||
e | Daraja a | min | 30.14 | 33.53 | 35.72 | 39.98 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Daraja B. | min | 29.56 | 32.95 | 35.03 | 39.55 | 45.2 | 50.85 | 55.37 | 60.79 | 66.44 | 71.3 | 76.95 | 82.6 | 88.25 | |||
k | Saizi ya kawaida | 11.5 | 12.5 | 14 | 15 | 17 | 18.7 | 21 | 22.5 | 25 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 33 | |||
Daraja a | min | 11.28 | 12.28 | 13.78 | 14.78 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
max | 11.72 | 12.72 | 14.22 | 15.22 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
Daraja B. | min | 11.15 | 12.15 | 13.65 | 14.65 | 16.65 | 18.28 | 20.58 | 22.08 | 24.58 | 25.58 | 27.58 | 29.58 | 32.5 | |||
max | 11.85 | 12.85 | 14.35 | 15.35 | 17.35 | 19.12 | 21.42 | 22.92 | 25.42 | 26.42 | 28.42 | 30.42 | 33.5 | ||||
k1 | min | 7.8 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 14.4 | 15.5 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 19.3 | 20.9 | 22.8 | |||
r | min | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 | |||
s | max = saizi ya kawaida | 27 | 30 | 32 | 36 | 41 | 46 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | |||
Daraja a | min | 26.67 | 29.67 | 31.61 | 35.38 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Daraja B. | min | 26.15 | 29.16 | 31 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 49 | 53.8 | 58.8 | 63.1 | 68.1 | 73.1 | 78.1 |
Screw Thread | 1/4 | 5/16 | 3/8 | 7/16 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 1 | 1-1/8 | 1-1/4 | 1-3/8 | 1-1/2 | |
d | ||||||||||||||
PP | Unc | 20 | 18 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
Un | 28 | 24 | 24 | 20 | 20 | 18 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | |
8-un | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |
ds | max | 0.26 | 0.324 | 0.388 | 0.452 | 0.515 | 0.642 | 0.768 | 0.895 | 1.022 | 1.149 | 1.277 | 1.404 | 1.531 |
min | 0.237 | 0.298 | 0.36 | 0.421 | 0.482 | 0.605 | 0.729 | 0.852 | 0.976 | 1.098 | 1.223 | 1.345 | 1.47 | |
s | max | 0.438 | 0.5 | 0.562 | 0.625 | 0.75 | 0.938 | 1.125 | 1.312 | 1.5 | 1.688 | 1.875 | 2.062 | 2.25 |
min | 0.425 | 0.484 | 0.544 | 0.603 | 0.725 | 0.906 | 1.088 | 1.269 | 1.45 | 1.631 | 1.812 | 1.994 | 2.175 | |
e | max | 0.505 | 0.577 | 0.65 | 0.722 | 0.866 | 1.083 | 1.299 | 1.516 | 1.732 | 1.949 | 2.165 | 2.382 | 2.598 |
min | 0.484 | 0.552 | 0.62 | 0.687 | 0.826 | 1.033 | 1.24 | 1.447 | 1.653 | 1.859 | 2.066 | 2.273 | 2.48 | |
k | max | 0.188 | 0.235 | 0.268 | 0.316 | 0.364 | 0.444 | 0.524 | 0.604 | 0.7 | 0.78 | 0.876 | 0.94 | 1.036 |
min | 0.15 | 0.195 | 0.226 | 0.272 | 0.302 | 0.378 | 0.455 | 0.531 | 0.591 | 0.658 | 0.749 | 0.81 | 0.902 | |
r | max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 |
min | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
b | L≤6 | 0.75 | 0.875 | 1 | 1.125 | 1.25 | 1.5 | 1.75 | 2 | 2.25 | 2.5 | 2.75 | 3 | 3.25 |
L > 6 | 1 | 1.125 | 1.25 | 1.375 | 1.5 | 1.75 | 2 | 2.25 | 2.5 | 2.75 | 3 | 3.25 | 3.5 |
Screw Thread | 1-5/8 | 1-3/4 | 1-7/8 | 2 | 2-1/4 | 2-1/2 | 2-3/4 | 3 | 3-1/4 | 3-1/2 | 3-3/4 | 4 | |
d | |||||||||||||
PP | Unc | - | 5 | - | 2004/1/2 | 2004/1/2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
Un | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
8-un | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |
ds | max | 1.658 | 1.785 | 1.912 | 2.039 | 2.305 | 2.559 | 2.827 | 3.081 | 3.335 | 3.589 | 3.858 | 4.111 |
min | 1.591 | 1.716 | 1.839 | 1.964 | 2.214 | 2.461 | 2.711 | 2.961 | 3.21 | 3.461 | 3.726 | 3.975 | |
s | max | 2.438 | 2.625 | 2.812 | 3 | 3.375 | 3.75 | 4.125 | 4.5 | 4.875 | 5.25 | 5.625 | 6 |
min | 2.356 | 2.538 | 2.719 | 2.9 | 3.262 | 3.625 | 3.988 | 4.35 | 4.712 | 5.075 | 5.437 | 5.8 | |
e | max | 2.815 | 3.031 | 3.248 | 3.464 | 3.897 | 4.33 | 4.763 | 5.196 | 5.629 | 6.062 | 6.495 | 6.928 |
min | 2.616 | 2.893 | 3.099 | 3.306 | 3.719 | 4.133 | 4.546 | 4.959 | 5.372 | 5.786 | 6.198 | 6.612 | |
k | max | 1.116 | 1.196 | 1.276 | 1.388 | 1.548 | 1.708 | 1.869 | 2.06 | 2.251 | 2.38 | 2.572 | 2.764 |
min | 0.978 | 1.054 | 1.13 | 1.175 | 1.327 | 1.479 | 1.632 | 1.815 | 1.936 | 2.057 | 2.241 | 2.424 | |
r | max | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 |
min | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |
b | L≤6 | 3.5 | 3.75 | 4 | 4.25 | 4.75 | 5.25 | 5.75 | 6.25 | 6.75 | 7.25 | 7.75 | 8.25 |
L > 6 | 3.75 | 4 | 4.25 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.5 |